What is a key factor in determining the legality of consent as noted in the cases presented?

The legality of consent in Irish criminal law hinges on multiple critical factors, which is why selecting the option that encompasses all of them is essential.

Firstly, the age of the individuals involved is a fundamental aspect, especially in cases concerning sexual consent. The law stipulates specific age thresholds to protect minors from exploitation and abuse. Thus, if one or more parties are below the legal age of consent, the agreement cannot be deemed valid.

Secondly, the nature of the promise made is crucial. This pertains to the obligations or transactions agreed upon by the parties. In instances where one party may misrepresent their intentions or the nature of a promise, consent can be rendered invalid. For example, if the consent is based on deceit, it may be considered legally void.

Lastly, the type of relationship between the parties plays a significant role. Relationships characterized by a power imbalance, such as those between a caregiver and a dependent or an employer and an employee, may affect how consent is perceived legally. In such cases, consent may not be freely given and could be contested on grounds of coercion or undue influence.

Together, these factors shape the broader legal framework governing consent, highlighting the importance of multifaceted consideration in evaluating its validity. This comprehensive approach is why having an